Genetic Code: Introducing Pyrrolysine
نویسندگان
چکیده
Monomethylamine methyltransferase of the archaebacterium Methanosarcina barkeri contains a novel amino acid, pyrrolysine, encoded by the termination codon UAG. Initial studies suggest that pyrrolysine may be co-translationally inserted during protein synthesis, probably by a mechanism analogous to that operating during selenocysteine incorporation.
منابع مشابه
A natural genetic code expansion cassette enables transmissible biosynthesis and genetic encoding of pyrrolysine.
Pyrrolysine has entered natural genetic codes by the translation of UAG, a canonical stop codon. UAG translation as pyrrolysine requires the pylT gene product, an amber-decoding tRNA(Pyl) that is aminoacylated with pyrrolysine by the pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase produced from the pylS gene. The pylTS genes form a gene cluster with pylBCD, whose functions have not been investigated. The pylTSBCD g...
متن کاملReducing Pyrrolysine tRNA Copy Number Improves the Performance of Genetic Code Expansion in Live Cell Imaging of Bioorthogonally Labeled Proteins
Genetic code expansion technology enables the incorporation of non-canonical amino acids (NCAAs) into proteins expressed in live cells. The NCAA is commonly encoded by an in-frame amber stop codon (TAG) and the methodology relies on the use of an orthogonal aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and its cognate amber suppressor tRNA; e.g., the pyrrolysine synthetase / tRNA CUA (PylT) pair. It is widely acce...
متن کاملCorrigendum to “Unique Characteristics of the Pyrrolysine System in the 7th Order of Methanogens: Implications for the Evolution of a Genetic Code Expansion Cassette”
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2014/374146.].
متن کاملSemi-phenomenological classification models of the genetic code(s) using q-deformed numbers
The mathematical concept of q-deformations, in particular the one of qnumbers, is used to study the genetic code(s). After considering two kinds of q-numbers, for comparison, a phenomenological classification scheme of the genetic code together with its numerous minor variants is, first, established. Next, numbers describing the presence of additional amino acids, such as Selenocysteine or/and ...
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Selenocysteine (Sec) and pyrrolysine (Pyl) are rare amino acids that are cotranslationally inserted into proteins and known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in the genetic code. Sec and Pyl are encoded by UGA and UAG codons, respectively, which normally serve as stop signals. Herein, we report on unusually large selenoproteomes and pyrroproteomes in a symbiont metagenomic dataset of a marine gu...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Current Biology
دوره 12 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002